skip to main content
US FlagAn official website of the United States government
dot gov icon
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
https lock icon
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( lock ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Search for: All records

Creators/Authors contains: "Balder, Andrew"

Note: When clicking on a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) number, you will be taken to an external site maintained by the publisher. Some full text articles may not yet be available without a charge during the embargo (administrative interval).
What is a DOI Number?

Some links on this page may take you to non-federal websites. Their policies may differ from this site.

  1. Tidal freshwater forested wetlands (TFFWs) typically occur at the interface between upriver non-tidal forests and downstream tidal marshes. Due to their location, these forests are susceptible to estuarine and riverine influences, notably periodic saltwater intrusion events. The Mobile-Tensaw (MT) River Delta, one of the largest river deltas in the United States, features TFFWs that are understudied but threatened by sea level rise and human impacts. We surveyed 47 TFFW stands across a tidal gradient previously determined using nine stations to collect continuous water level and salinity data. Forest data were collected from 400 m2 circular plots of canopy and midstory species composition, canopy tree diameter and basal area, stem density, and tree condition. Multivariate hierarchical clustering identified five distinct canopy communities (p = 0.001): Mixed Forest, Swamp Tupelo, Water Tupelo, Bald Cypress, and Bald Cypress and Mixed Tupelo. Environmental factors, such as river distance (p = 0.001) and plot elevation (p = 0.06), were related to community composition. Similar to other TFFWs along the northern Gulf of Mexico, forests closest to Mobile Bay exhibited lower basal areas, species density, diversity, and a higher proportion of visually stressed individual canopy trees compared to those in the upper tidal reach. Results indicate a strong tidal influence on forest composition, structure, and community-level responses. 
    more » « less